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1.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 62(7): 659-663, Oct. 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-829516

ABSTRACT

Summary Objective: To compare nutritional risk in adult patients undergoing chemotherapy and radiotherapy in the beginning, middle, and end of oncologic treatment. Method: This prospective, comparative study included 83 adult patients, 44 undergoing chemotherapy (CT group) and 39 undergoing radiotherapy (RT group) at an oncology treatment center. Nutritional risk was determined by NRS-2002 in the beginning, middle, and end of therapy. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 8.0 software. Results: No differences in food intake or body mass index were observed between the CT (24.6±4.8 kg/m²) and RT groups (25.0±5.9 kg/m², p=0.75). Weight loss in the preceding 3 months was detected in 56.8% of CT group and 38.5% of RT group (p=0.09). The weight loss percentage compared with the usual weight within 3 months was greater (p<0.001) in the CT (11.4±6.5%) than in the RT group (3.9±6.8%). In the beginning of treatment, we observed high percentages of patients at moderate (18.2 vs. 15.4%, p=0.73) and high nutritional risk (61.4 vs. 48.7%, p=0.25), with no statistical difference between the CT and RT groups, respectively. During therapy, the nutritional risk remained unaltered in both groups. In the end of therapy, the majority of patients were at moderate (18.2 vs. 12.8%, p=0.50) or severe nutritional risk (50.0 vs. 51.3%, p=0.91), in the CT and RT groups, respectively, regardless of the type of oncologic treatment. Conclusion: The high prevalence of patients at moderate or high nutritional risk in the beginning of treatment indicates the need for an early and continuous follow-up of the nutritional status of patients undergoing oncologic treatment.


Resumo Objetivo: comparar o risco nutricional de pacientes adultos submetidos a quimio e radioterapia no início, no meio e ao término do tratamento oncológico. Método: estudo prospectivo e comparativo conduzido com 83 pacientes adultos de um centro de tratamento oncológico, sendo 44 sujeitos sob quimioterapia (grupo QTx) e 39 sob radioterapia (grupo RTx). O risco nutricional foi determinado pelo questionário NRS-2002 no início, ao meio e ao término da terapia. A análise estatística foi feita com o software Statistica 8.0. Resultados: não houve diferença no padrão de ingestão alimentar e no IMC (24,6±4,8 vs. 25±5,9 kg/m²; p=0,75) nos grupos QTx e RTx, respectivamente. Perda de peso nos 3 meses precedentes ocorreu em 56,8% dos pacientes sob quimioterapia e em 38,5% daqueles sob radioterapia (p=0,09). Os pacientes do grupo QTx apresentaram maior porcentagem de perda de peso em relação ao habitual em 3 meses (11,4±6,5 vs. 3,9±6,8%; p<0,001). No início do tratamento, houve alta taxa de risco nutricional moderado (18,2 vs. 15,4%; p=0,73) e grave (61,4 vs. 48,7%; p=0,25), sem diferença estatística entre os grupos QTx e RTx, respectivamente. No meio do tratamento, o risco nutricional foi mantido em ambos os grupos. Ao término da terapia, mais da metade dos pacientes apresentava risco nutricional moderado (18,2 vs. 12,8%; p=0,50) ou grave (50 vs. 51,3%; p=0,91), independentemente da modalidade de tratamento oncológico. Conclusão: a alta prevalência de risco nutricional moderado ou grave no início do tratamento aponta para a necessidade de abordagem nutricional precoce e permanente durante a terapia oncológica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Radiotherapy/adverse effects , Risk Assessment/methods , Malnutrition/etiology , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/complications , Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Time Factors , Severity of Illness Index , Weight Loss , Nutrition Assessment , Nutritional Status , Prospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Factors , Eating/drug effects , Middle Aged , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Neoplasms/radiotherapy
2.
Acta cir. bras ; 31(supl.1): 24-28, 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-779766

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE : This study aimed to determine Cu/Zn ratio, nutritional and inflammatory status in patients during the perioperative period for colorectal cancer. METHODS: The study included patients with histological diagnosis of colorectal adenocarcinoma (Cancer Group, n=46) and healthy volunteers (Control Group, n=28). We determined habitual food intake, body composition, laboratory data of nutritional status, serum calprotectin and plasma Cu and Zn concentrations. Mann-Whitney U-test was performed between-group comparisons and Spearman correlation test for correlations between the variables. RESULTS: Individuals in the Cancer Group presented significantly lower BMI, fat mass, plasma hemoglobin, total protein and albumin as compared with the Control Group. Serum calprotectin[70.1 ng/mL (CI95% 55.8-84.5) vs.53.3 ng/mL (40.3-66.4), p=0.05], plasma Cu concentrations [120 µg/dL(CI95% 114-126) vs. 106 µg/dL(CI95% 98-114), p<0.01] and the Cu/Zn ratio [1.59 (CI95% 1.48-1.71)vs. 1.35 (CI95% 1.23-1.46), p=0.01]were higher in patients with colorectal cancer than in controls. Additionally, the Cancer Group showed negative correlations between the Cu/Zn ratio and Zn intake, hemoglobin, serum albumin, and positive correlation between the Cu/Zn ratio and serum calprotectin. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that an increased plasma Cu/Zn ratio and serum calprotectin, and decreased protein values may be a result of the systemic inflammatory response to the tumor process.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Zinc/blood , Colorectal Neoplasms/blood , Adenocarcinoma/blood , Nutritional Status , Copper/blood , Perioperative Period , Reference Values , Body Composition , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Biomarkers/blood , Body Mass Index , Case-Control Studies , Risk Factors , Statistics, Nonparametric , Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex/blood , Malnutrition , Eating , Inflammation/blood
3.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 52(2): 94-99, Apr-Jun/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-748174

ABSTRACT

Background Patients with short bowel syndrome have significant fluid and electrolytes loss. Objective Evaluate the mineral and electrolyte status in short bowel syndrome patients receiving intermittent parenteral nutrition or oral feeding. Methods Twenty two adults with short bowel syndrome, of whom 11 were parenteral nutrition dependent (PN group), and the 11 remaining had been weaned off parenteral nutrition for at least 1 year and received all nutrients by oral feeding (OF group). The study also included 14 healthy volunteers paired by age and gender (control group). Food ingestion, anthropometry, serum or plasma levels of sodium, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, zinc, iron and copper were evaluated. PN group subjects were evaluated before starting a new parenteral nutrition cycle. Results The levels of sodium, potassium, phosphorus, calcium and zinc were similar between the groups. The magnesium value was lower in the PN group (1.0 ± 0.4 mEq /L) than other groups. Furthermore, this electrolyte was lower in the OF group (1.4 ± 0.3 mEq /L) when compared to the Control group (1.8 ± 0.1 mEq/L). Lower values of copper (69±24 vs 73±26 vs 109±16 µg/dL) were documented, respectively, for the PN and OF groups when compared to the control group. Conclusion Hypomagnesemia and hypocupremia are electrolyte disturbances commonly observed in short bowel syndrome. Patients with massive intestinal resection require monitoring and supplementation in order to prevent magnesium and copper deficiencies. .


Contexto Ressecções intestinais extensas resultam em perda de fluídos e eletrólitos. Objetivo Avaliar os níveis séricos de minerais e eletrólitos em pacientes com síndrome do intestino curto, dependentes ou não de nutrição parenteral. Métodos O estudo incluiu 22 adultos com síndrome de intestino curto, sendo 11 dependentes de nutrição parenteral (Grupo NP) e 11 sujeitos que recebiam todo aporte nutricional por via oral (Grupo VO). Foram incluídos 14 voluntários saudáveis, pareados para a idade e o gênero (Grupo Controle). A avaliação da ingestão alimentar, antropometria, níveis sanguíneos de sódio, potássio, fósforo, magnésio, cálcio, zinco, ferro e cobre foram documentados em todos os voluntários. Resultados Os níveis sanguíneos de sódio, potássio, fósforo, cálcio e zinco foram similares entre os grupos de estudo. Os níveis séricos de magnésio foram menores no Grupo NP (1,0±0,4 mEq/L) em relação aos demais grupos. Além disso, a concentração desse eletrólito foi menor no Grupo VO (1,4±0,3 mEq/L) em relação ao Grupo Controle (1,8±0,1 mEq/L). Foram documentados menores valores cobre (69±24 vs 73±26 vs 109±16 µg/dL) nos grupos NP e VO quando comparados com o Grupo Controle, respectivamente. Conclusão Hipomagnesemia e hipocupremia são distúrbios eletrolíticos comumente observados na síndrome de intestino curto. Os pacientes com ressecção intestinal extensa requerem monitorização e suplementação de magnésio e cobre a fim de prevenir deficiências. .


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Copper/deficiency , Magnesium Deficiency/blood , Short Bowel Syndrome/blood , Case-Control Studies , Calcium/blood , Energy Intake , Parenteral Nutrition , Phosphorus/blood , Potassium/blood , Sodium/blood , Zinc/blood
4.
Arch. endocrinol. metab. (Online) ; 59(3): 252-258, 06/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-751308

ABSTRACT

Objective Bone loss has been established as a major extra-intestinal complication of short bowel syndrome (SBS). The purpose of this study was to correlate bone mineral density (BMD) with body mass index (BMI), serum vitamin and mineral levels in patients with SBS.Material and methods The study was conducted on 13 patients (8 male and 5 female, 54.7 ± 11.4 years) with SBS (residual small bowel length of 10 to 100 cm). We determined the food ingestion, anthropometry, serum levels of vitamins C, A, D, E and K, as well as serum and urinary levels of phosphorus and calcium. BMD was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA).Results Osteopenia and osteoporosis was diagnosed in all but one SBS patient. Serum levels of vitamin D were low in all volunteers. Sixty-one percent of patients had vitamin E deficiency; hypovitaminosis A and C occurred in one subject. BMI and C, E and K vitamin serum levels correlated with T-score of BMD.Conclusions Osteopenia and osteoporosis were common in SBS patients. There was a correlation between BMD and the serum levels of vitamins C, E and K, an indicative that such vitamins may influence bone health. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2015;59(3):252-8.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Ascorbic Acid/blood , Body Mass Index , Bone Density/physiology , Short Bowel Syndrome/physiopathology , Vitamin E/blood , Vitamin K/blood , Absorptiometry, Photon , Avitaminosis/complications , Bone Diseases, Metabolic/etiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Calcium/analysis , Energy Intake/physiology , Hospitalization , Osteoporosis/etiology , Phosphorus/analysis , Reference Values , Short Bowel Syndrome/blood , Short Bowel Syndrome/complications , Time Factors
6.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 56(7): 429-434, Oct. 2012. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-654271

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine plasma homocysteine levels during fasting and after methionine overload, and to correlate homocysteinemia according to methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphism in type 2 diabetic adults. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study included 50 type 2 diabetic adults (DM group) and 52 healthy subjects (Control group). Anthropometric data, and information on food intake, serum levels of vitamin B12, folic acid and plasma homocysteine were obtained. The identification of C677T and A1298C polymorphisms was carried out in the MTHFR gene. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in homocysteinemia between the two groups, and hyperhomocysteinemia during fasting occurred in 40% of the diabetic patients and in 23% of the controls. For the same polymorphism, there was not any significant difference in homocysteine between the groups. In the Control group, homocysteinemia was greater in those subjects with C677T and A1298C polymorphisms. Among diabetic subjects, those with the A1298C polymorphism had lower levels of homocysteine compared with individuals with C677T polymorphism. CONCLUSION:The MTHFR polymorphism (C677T and A1298C) resulted in different outcomes regarding homocysteinemia among individuals of each group (diabetic and control). These data suggest that metabolic factors inherent to diabetes influence homocysteine metabolism.


OBJETIVO: Determinar os níveis plasmáticos de homocisteína de jejum e após sobrecarga de metionina e correlacionar a homocisteinemia com o polimorfismo C677T e A1298C da metilenotetra-hidrofolato redutase (MTHFR) em diabéticos tipo 2. SUJEITOS E MÉTODOS: O estudo incluiu 50 adultos diabéticos tipo 2 (Grupo DM) e 52 indivíduos saudáveis (Grupo controle). Obtiveram-se os dados antropométricos, de ingestão alimentar, níveis séricos de vitamina B12, ácido fólico e homocisteína plasmática. Os polimorfismos C677T e A1298C foram identificados no gene da enzima MTHFR. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença na homocisteinemia entre os grupos, embora a hiper-homocisteinemia de jejum tenha ocorrido em 40% dos diabéticos e 23% dos controles. Para o mesmo polimorfismo, não houve diferenças na homocisteinemia entre os grupos de estudo. Nos controles, a homocisteína foi maior entre aqueles com polimorfismos C677T e A1298C. Os diabéticos com polimorfismo A1298C apresentaram menores níveis de homocisteína quando comparados àqueles com polimorfismo C677T. CONCLUSÃO: Os polimorfismos da MTHFR (C677T e A1298C) resultaram em resposta distinta na homocisteinemia entre os indivíduos dentro de cada grupo (diabéticos e controles). Os dados sugerem que fatores metabólicos inerentes ao estado diabético influenciam o metabolismo da homocisteína.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , /enzymology , Homocysteine/blood , /genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic/genetics , Case-Control Studies , /blood , Fasting/blood , Genotype , Homocysteine/genetics , Methionine , Polymerase Chain Reaction
7.
An. bras. dermatol ; 87(1): 84-89, Jan.-Feb. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-622454

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Atrophy of the papillae, mucosa, and dorsum of the tongue are considered classical signs of nutritional deficiencies. OBJECTIVE: To assess the nutritional status of hospitalized alcoholics with or without papillary atrophy of the tongue. METHODS: This study was performed with 21 hospitalized alcoholics divided into Atrophic Glossitis Group (n=13) and Normal Tongue Group (n=8). Healthy, non-alcoholic volunteers composed the Control Group (n=8). Anthropometry and bioelectric impedance were performed, and serum vitamins A, E, and B12 were determined. RESULTS: There were no statistical differences in relation to age (46.7±8.7 vs. 46.8±15.8 years) or gender (92.3% vs. 87.5% male), respectively. Control Group volunteers were also paired in relation to age (47.5±3.1 years) and male predominance (62.5%). In relation to hospitalized alcoholics without atrophic lesions of the tongue and Control Group, patients with papillary atrophy showed lower BMI (18.6 ± 2,5 vs 23.8 ± 3.5 vs 26.7 ± 3,6 kg/m² ) and body fat content 7.6 ± 3.5 vs 13.3 ± 6.5 vs 19.5 ± 4,9 kg). When compared with the Control Group, alcoholic patients with or without papillary atrophy of the tongue showed lower values of red blood cells (10.8 ± 2.2 vs 11.8 ± 2.2 vs 14.5 ± 1,6g/dL) and albumin (3.6 ± 0.9 vs 3.6 ± 0.8 vs 4.4 ± 0.2g/dL). The seric levels of vitamins A, E, and B12 were similar amongst the groups. CONCLUSION: Hospitalized alcoholics with papillary atrophy of the tongue had lower BMI and fat body stores than controls, without associated hypovitaminosis.


FUNDAMENTOS: A deficiência crônica de nutrientes pode levar à hipotrofia das papilas e da mucosa e do dorso da língua, considerada um sinal clássico de subnutrição protéico-energética. OBJETIVO: O objetivo do presente estudo é comparar o estado nutricional, incluindo as dosagens dos níveis séricos de vitaminas A, E e B12 em pacientes alcoolistas com ou sem alterações tróficas das papilas linguais. MÉTODOS: O estudo caso-controle incluiu 21 pacientes adultos alcoolistas internados em um hospital universitário. Utilizando-se de um sistema de fotografia da cavidade oral, dois clínicos independentes classificaram os indivíduos alcoolistas de acordo com a presença ou não de alterações tróficas na língua. Foram registrados os dados antropométricos, a composição corporal pela impedância bioelétrica e os exames laboratoriais para avaliação clínica e nutricional, incluindo dosagens das vitaminas A, E e B12. O estudo incluiu ainda voluntários saudáveis, não alcoolistas como Grupo Controle (n=8). A comparação entre os grupos foi feita por ANOYA-F ou pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis, de acordo com a curva de normalidade dos resultados. Foram considerados significativos diferenças com p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: De acordo com a presença de alterações tróficas nas papilas linguais, os pacientes alcoolistas foram alocados no Grupo Língua Despapilada (n=13) e Grupo Língua Normal (n=8), sem diferença estatística quanto à idade (46,7 ± 8,7 vs 46,8 ± 15,8 anos) e gênero masculino (92,3 vs 87,5%). Os voluntários do Grupo Controle apresentaram 47,5 ±3,1 anos, sendo 62,5% do gênero masculino. Os pacientes alcoolistas com hipotrofia papilar apresentaram menor IMC (18,6 ± 2,5 vs 23,8 ± 3,5 vs 26,7 ± 3,6 kg/m2) e gordura corporal (7,6 ± 3,5 vs 13,3 ± 6,5 vs 19,5 ± 4,9 kg), quando comparados com os demais grupos. Em relação ao Grupo Controle, os alcoolistas apresentaram menores valores de hemoglobina (10,8 ± 2,2 vs 11,8 ± 2,2 vs 14,5 ± 1,6 g/dL) e albumina sérica (3,6 ± 0,9 vs 3,6 ± 0,8 vs 4,4 ± 0,2 g/dL). Os níveis plasmáticos de vitaminas A, E e B12 foram similares entres os grupos. CONCLUSÃO: Os pacientes alcoolistas com achados físicos de hipotrofia de papilas linguais apresentam menores valores em medidas antropométricas, de hemoglobina e albumina séricas que os grupos Controle ou de alcoolistas sem língua despapilada. Não houve evidências de hipovitaminoses associadas.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Alcoholism/pathology , Glossitis/pathology , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Nutritional Status , Nutrition Disorders/pathology , Analysis of Variance , Atrophy , Avitaminosis , Alcoholism/complications , Body Weight , Case-Control Studies , Glossitis/blood , Glossitis/etiology , Nutrition Disorders/blood , Vitamins/blood
8.
Acta cir. bras ; 27(2): 123-130, Feb. 2012. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-614530

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate the nutritional status of patients in the late postoperative period of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) and compare the long-term outcome according to pylorus-preserving (PPPD) or the standard technique (SPD) in which the pylorus is resected. METHODS: This prospective study was conducted twelve months prior or more in patients who had underwent PD (PD Group, n=15) and health volunteers (Control Group, n=15). At a post hoc analysis, the PD Group was divided in PPPD Subgroup (n=9) and SPD Subgroup (n=6), according to the PD techniques. Gastrointestinal complaints and nutritional status were evaluated, apart from a biochemical assessment; Student t-test or Mann-Whitney test were used. RESULTS: The patients recovered their body weight and the gastrointestinal complaints were uncommon. The PD Group showed higher energy and protein intake even though BMI was lower than in Control Group. There were no differences in laboratorial data, except for higher glycemia, serum alkaline phosfatase and C-reactive protein in PD Group. There was no difference in the various parameters evaluated when the Subgroups (PPPD and SPD) were compared. CONCLUSION: For long-term pancreaticoduodenectomy, the gastrointestinal symptoms are minimal and the patients had the clinical and nutritional status preserved, regardless of pylorus preservation.


OBJETIVO: Avaliar o estado nutricional de pacientes em pós-operatório tardio de pancreaticoduodenectomia (PD) e comparar a evolução de acordo com a preservação de piloro (PPPD) ou pela técnica padrão com ressecção do piloro (SPD). MÉTODOS: O estudo prospectivo foi conduzido com pacientes submetidos à PD após período mínimo de 12 meses (Grupo PD, n=15) e voluntários saudáveis (Grupo Controle, n=15). Numa análise posterior, o Grupo PD foi dividido em Subgrupo PPPD (n=9) e Subgrupo SPD (n=6), de acordo com a técnica de PD. Foram avaliadas as queixas digestivas, o estado nutricional e dados bioquímicos; a análise estatística foi realizada por meio do teste t-Student ou Mann-Whitney. RESULTADOS: Os pacientes recuperaram o estado nutricional e as queixas gastrointestinais foram incomuns. A ingestão protéica e energética foi maior no Grupo PD, apesar do menor IMC. Não houve diferenças em relação aos exames laboratoriais, exceto pelos maiores níveis de glicemia, fosfatase alcalina sérica e proteína C-reativa no Grupo PD. Quando os Subgrupos PPPD e SPD foram comparados, não houve diferenças nos diversos parâmetros analisados. CONCLUSÃO: No pós-operatório tardio de pancreaticoduodenectomia, os sintomas gastrointestinais são mínimos e o estado clínico e nutricional é adequado, independente da preservação do piloro.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Nutritional Status/physiology , Pancreaticoduodenectomy/methods , Pylorus/surgery , Age Factors , Blood Proteins , Body Mass Index , Postoperative Period , Prospective Studies , Sex Factors , Statistics, Nonparametric , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
10.
Acta cir. bras ; 26(4): 320-324, July-Aug. 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-594354

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To compare vitamin levels, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers before and after skin autograft surgery to correct burn scar areas. METHODS: This prospective study was conducted with 8 patients with a median age of 28 years (range, 16 to 40 years) that had burn sequelae and were admitted to a Burn Unit for correction of small burn scar areas [3.3 (1.0-5.0) percent of the corporal surface]. The volunteers were evaluated before and 48 hours after excision of scar tissue and skin autograft. Routine laboratory data, along with a food questionnaire and anthropometry were collected in the preoperative period. Serum vitamin A, C, E, B12 and folic acid levels, inflammatory markers (C-protein reactive, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, ferritin) and oxidative stress markers (reduced glutathione - GSH and Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances - TBARS) were determined at preoperative and postoperative phases. Data were analyzed with two-sample Wilcoxon test. RESULTS: All volunteers were clinically stable and had adequate nutritional status at admission. After surgery, C-reactive protein serum levels increased [0.4 (0.01-1.0) vs. 2.5 (0.6-4.7) mg/dL, p=0.01] and vitamin A levels decreased [3.4 (2.1-4.2) vs. 2.4 (1.6-4.1) µmol/L, p=0.01]. No changes occurred in other vitamins, ferrritin, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, GSH and TBARS levels. CONCLUSION: Minimal metabolic changes were produced after skin autograft in small areas of well-nourished patients without active infection or inflammation.


OBJETIVO: Comparar os níveis séricos de vitaminas e dos marcadores de estresse oxidativo e inflamatório antes e após enxerto cutâneo para correção de pequenas áreas de cicatrizes hipertróficas de queimaduras. MÉTODOS: O estudo prospectivo foi conduzido com oito pacientes com mediana de idade de 28 anos (variação de 16 a 40 anos) que apresentavam cicatrizes fibróticas decorrentes de queimaduras. Todos os pacientes foram admitidos em Unidade de Queimados para serem submetidos a enxertos autólogos [3,3 (1,0 a 5,0) por cento da superfície corporal]. Os voluntários foram avaliados antes e 48 horas após a excisão do tecido cicatricial e do enxerto autólogo. Exames laboratoriais de rotina, além do questionário alimentar e da antropometria foram obtidos no período pré-operatório. Os níveis séricos das vitaminas A, C, E, B12 e ácido fólico, os marcadores inflamatórios (proteína C reativa, alfa-1-glicoproteína ácida e ferritina) e marcadores de estresse oxidativo (glutationa reduzida - GSH e Substâncias Reativas do Ácido Tiobarbitúrico - TBARS) foram determinados nas fases pré e pós-operatórias. Os dados foram analisados pelo teste de Wilcoxon pareado. RESULTADOS: Todos os voluntários estavam clinicamente estáveis e apresentavam estado nutricional adequado à admissão hospitalar. Após a cirurgia, houve aumento dos níveis séricos de proteína C reativa [0,4 (0,01-1,0) vs 2,5 (0,6-4,7) mg/dL, p=0,01], enquanto houve redução nos níveis de vitamina A [3,4 (2,1-4,2) vs 2,4 (1,6-4,1) µmol/L, p=0,01]. Não houve mudanças nos níveis séricos de outras vitaminas, ferritina, alfa-1-glicoproteína ácida, GSH e TBARS. CONCLUSÃO: Em pacientes com bom estado nutricional e sem evidência de atividade inflamatória ou infecciosa ocorrem mudanças metabólicas mínimas após enxerto autólogo de pequenas áreas de cicatrizes de queimadura.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Burns/complications , Cicatrix/surgery , Oxidative Stress/physiology , Skin Transplantation/physiology , Biomarkers/metabolism , Burns/surgery , Contracture/etiology , Contracture/surgery , Inflammation/metabolism , Prospective Studies , Statistics, Nonparametric , Vitamins/analysis
11.
Radiol. bras ; 44(3): 188-191, maio-jun. 2011. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-593340

ABSTRACT

A síndrome do intestino curto é definida pela incapacidade da superfície do intestino delgado em manter as condições adequadas de absorção de nutrientes, ocasionando deficiências nutricionais. Em adultos, as principais causas de síndrome do intestino curto são as ressecções cirúrgicas amplas ou múltiplas, secundárias a infarto mesentérico, doença de Crohn e enterite actínica. Além de avaliar o tempo de trânsito até o intestino grosso, o exame contrastado de trânsito intestinal pode ser utilizado na medição da extensão do intestino remanescente e no acompanhamento dos fenômenos de adaptação estrutural das alças delgadas e colônicas. Em pacientes com síndrome do intestino curto, a adaptação estrutural do intestino delgado consiste na hiperplasia das vilosidades e das pregas mucosas, que se tornam mais numerosas, profundas e de maior diâmetro, assim como a dilatação do segmento remanescente. Esses achados morfológicos são mais pronunciados e bem estabelecidos nas alças ileais, evidenciando sua maior capacidade adaptativa. O conhecimento dos achados por imagem das características morfológicas e adaptativas do intestino delgado é de grande importância na abordagem multidisciplinar da síndrome do intestino curto.


Short bowel syndrome is defined as the small bowel functional absorptive surface inability to provide adequate nutrition, leading to intestinal failure and chronic malnutrition. In adult individuals the main etiologies for short bowel syndrome are related to extensive or multiple surgical bowel resections secondary to mesenteric ischemia, Crohn's disease and actinic enteritis. Besides evaluating the transit time through the large bowel, barium follow through may be utilized in the measurement of bowel remnants length as well as in the follow-up of structural adaptation phenomena of small bowel and colonic loops. In patients with short bowel syndrome, structural small bowel adaptation consists in hyperplasia of villi and mucosal folds, which become more numerous, deeper and larger in diameter, as well as remnant segment dilation. Such morphological findings are more prominent and best established in the ileal loops, whose remarkable adaptive capacity has been well documented. Therefore, the knowledge of imaging findings regarding morphological and adaptive characteristics of the small bowel is extremely relevant in the multidisciplinary approach to short bowel syndrome.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases , Intestine, Small , Short Bowel Syndrome/diagnosis , Adaptation to Disasters , Gastrointestinal Transit , Radiology/methods
12.
Rev. nutr ; 23(4): 535-541, jul.-ago. 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-569126

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: O objetivo da pesquisa foi determinar a perda de massa corporal magra em pacientes após cirurgia bariátrica. MÉTODOS: O estudo retrospectivo foi conduzido com 17 prontuários de mulheres obesas submetidas à Derivação Gástrica em Y de Roux com anel de contenção gástrica, incluindo dados obtidos no período pré-operatório imediato e no 1º, 3º, 6º e 12º meses após a cirurgia. Os dados obtidos no prontuário incluíram a idade, medidas de peso, de altura e massa corporal magra e gorda, calculados pela impedância bioelétrica. RESULTADOS: A média de idade das pacientes foi de 43,1, DP=7,7 anos e durante o seguimento houve diminuição significativa do índice de massa corporal [51,2 (40,2-74,1) para 33,7 (24,8-53,4)kg/m²] e da massa corporal gorda [67,5 (51,2-67,4) para 32,1 (16,4-61,9)kg] em 12 meses de seguimento. No primeiro mês após a cirurgia, houve diminuição da massa corporal magra (M=65,3, DP=7,6 para M=59,7, DP=8,1kg), que representou 8,5 por cento em relação aos valores iniciais, sendo que a partir daí, os dados mantiveram-se constantes. CONCLUSÃO: A perda de massa corporal magra pode refletir uma alteração no metabolismo proteico durante o pós-operatório imediato da cirurgia bariátrica, que pode implicar em evolução clínica e nutricional desfavoráveis.


OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine changes in lean body mass after bariatric surgery. METHODS: This retrospective study reviewed 17 medical records of obese women who underwent banded Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. The medical records contained data collected immediately before and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery. The data included age, weight, height and lean and fat body mass determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 43.1 years (SD=7.7). Body mass index decreased significantly within 12 months of the surgery, going from 51.2 (40.2-74.1) to 33.7 (24.8-53.4)kg/m², as did fat body mass, going from 67.5 (51.2-67.4) to 32.1 (16.4-61.9)kg. In the first month after surgery, lean body mass decreased from M=65.3 (SD=7.6) to M=59.7 (SD=8.1kg), representing a decrease of 8.5 percent. Lean body mass remained constant after this period. CONCLUSION: Loss of lean body mass may indicate a change in protein metabolism immediately after bariatric surgery, which may result in an unfavorable clinical and nutritional course.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Bariatric Surgery/adverse effects , Body Composition , Weight Loss
13.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 42(5): 494-495, Sept.-Oct. 2009. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-532504

ABSTRACT

All adults (n = 334) living in Brejo do Mutambal, an endemic area for cutaneous leishmaniasis, were included in this study. Contrary to our initial hypothesis, it was observed that men (23.7 ± 3.2 vs. 22.1 ± 2.6 kg/m²) and women (24.1 ± 4.7 vs. 22.5 ± 3.4 kg/m²) with cutaneous leishmaniasis presented higher body mass index than the controls.


Neste estudo, foram incluídos todos (nº =334) os adultos morando em Brejo do Mutambal, região endêmica para leishmaniose cutânea. Contrário à hipótese inicial, observou-se que homens (23,7 ± 3,2 vs. 22,1 ± 2,6kg/m²) e mulheres (24,1±4,7 vs. 22,5±3,4kg/m2) com leishmaniose cutânea apresentaram maior índice de massa corporal que os controles.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Body Mass Index , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/complications , Obesity/complications , Case-Control Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/diagnosis , Obesity/diagnosis , Risk Factors , Young Adult
14.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 42(4): 469-470, July-Aug. 2009. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-527194

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to investigate whether malnourished autopsied adults would present higher frequency of pneumonitis than non-malnourished ones would. All of the autopsied adults (n = 175; age > 18 years) with complete records, including weight and height data, were included. Pneumonitis was observed more frequently in malnourished individuals (59.1 percent) than in non-malnourished individuals (41.3 percent). This study showed that the percentage of pneumonitis among autopsied adults was high, in addition to an increased risk of pneumonitis among these individuals.


O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar se adultos subnutridos autopsiados teriam maior freqüência de pneumonite que adultos não-subnutridos. Todos os adultos autopsiados ((nº = 175); idade > 18 anos) com dados completos, incluindo peso e estatura, foram incluídos. Pneumonite foi observada com maior frequência em subnutridos (59,1 por cento) do que em não-subnutridos (41,3 por cento). Este estudo mostrou uma alta porcentagem de pneumonite entre os adultos autopsiados, além do aumento do risco de pneumonite entre estes.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pneumonia/etiology , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/complications , Autopsy/statistics & numerical data , Pneumonia/epidemiology , Pneumonia/pathology , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/epidemiology , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/pathology , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors
15.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 55(2): 149-152, 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-514812

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Em pacientes hospitalizados, comparar a evolução de variáveis antropométricas e a ocorrência de efeitos adversos relacionados ao consumo de suplementos nutricionais e infusão de nutrição enteral. MÉTODOS: 10 pacientes que recebiam suplementos nutricionais (Grupo SN) e 20 em nutrição enteral (Grupo NE), pareados para o gênero, idade (50 ± 21 vs 49 ± 23 anos) e afecções de base foram submetidos à avaliação antropométrica ao início e término da terapêutica. Diariamente, foi aplicado um questionário semi-estruturado referente às queixas gastrointestinais. Determinaram-se as diferenças estatísticas obtidas entre o início e o final da terapêutica (teste t para amostras dependentes) e entre os grupos de estudo (teste t para amostras independentes). RESULTADOS: A circunferência muscular do braço aumentou nos pacientes do Grupo NE (80 ± 15 vs 85 ± 15 por cento de adequação, p = 0,009) e diminuiu no Grupo SN (96 ± 14 vs 92 ± 14 por cento de adequação, p = 0,04). Náuseas e vômitos foram mais frequentes no Grupo SN (60 vs 10 por cento, p = 0,01) e as queixas relacionadas ao sabor dos produtos ocorreram em 30 por cento dos casos. CONCLUSÃO: Os pacientes que receberam suplementos nutricionais apresentaram maior ocorrência de queixas gastrointestinais e evolução desfavorável dos parâmetros antropométricos. Os dados obtidos no estudo não evidenciam o benefício da suplementação nutricional de rotina em pacientes hospitalizados.


OBJECTIVE: To compare the evolution of anthropometric variables and the occurrence of adverse effects related to the ingestion of nutritional food supplements and enteral diet administration in hospitalized patients. METHODS: The study was performed in the Clinical Medicine wards of the Hospital of the School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, USP, with 10 patients receiving nutrition supplements, and 20 patients under enteral nutrition therapy, paired by gender, age (50 ± 21 vs 49 ± 23 years) and basic afflictions. All were volunteers submitted to anthropometric evaluation at the beginning and end of nutritional therapy, utilizing standard techniques. A semi-structured questionnaire was applied daily referring to gastrointestinal complaints. Statistical differences between onset and final results (t-test for dependent samples) and between-group differences (t-test for independent samples) were estimated. RESULTS: Arm muscle circumference increased in patients receiving enteral nutrition therapy (80 ± 15 vs 85 ± 15 percent adequacy, p = 0.009) and decreased in those receiving nutritional supplements (96 ± 14 vs 92 ± 14 percent adequacy, p = 0.04). Nausea and vomiting were more frequent in the latter (60 vs 10 percent, p = 0.01); complaints about taste of the products were reported by 30 percent of the cases. CONCLUSION: Patients who received oral nutrition supplements reported gastrointestinal complaints and had a less favorable anthropometric evolution. Study data did not disclose the benefit of routine nutrition supplements for hospitalized patients.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Dietary Supplements/adverse effects , Enteral Nutrition/adverse effects , Nausea/etiology , Skinfold Thickness , Vomiting/etiology , Administration, Oral , Anthropometry , Chi-Square Distribution , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data
16.
Estud. av ; 21(60): 155-160, maio-jul. 2007. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-459911

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste artigo é relatar experiências que justifiquem a necessidade de capacitar a equipe de saúde e de implantar protocolos de atendimento e monitoramento nutricional de adultos e idosos. São relatadas duas experiências bem-sucedidas de atendimento comunitário em que houve o envolvimento e a capacitação da equipe, assim como a definição clara das estratégias de atuação. É possível otimizar o atendimento alimentar/nutricional da comunidade com a implantação de protocolos que expressem com clareza os critérios diagnósticos, indiquem os procedimentos de avaliação inicial e as diferentes abordagens terapêuticas e especifiquem medidas de monitoramento adaptadas às condições e necessidades locais.


This paper reports experiences seeking to strengthen health teams capabilities, and the importance of adults and elderly nutritional care protocols. It reports two well-succeeded experiences on local health assistance, with the close participation of health teams and a clear definition about action strategies. On this context, the local nutritional care could be optimized by a set of protocols, clear diagnose criteria definitions on initial assessment procedures, different therapeutic approaches, and follow-up strategies, adapted to local condition.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Humans , Adult , Aged , Inservice Training , Malnutrition , Obesity
17.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 37(1): 33-36, jan.-fev. 2004. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-356179

ABSTRACT

O envelhecimento populacional no Brasil está associado às alterações na morbimortalidade da populaçäo. Nesse estudo, foi verificado as causas de morte e outros processos patológicos em idosos autopsiados. Os idosos com idade maior ou igual a 60 anos, no período de 1976 a 1998 representaram 394 casos (24,4 por cento). A mediana da idade foi 69 (60 a 120) anos, sendo maior nas mulheres (70,5 versus 68 anos; p<0,05). O sexo masculino (67,5 por cento), a cor branca (69,8 por cento) e as causas de morte cardiovascular (43,7 por cento) e infecciosa (31 por cento) prevaleceram. A subnutriçäo (76,2 por cento) estava associada à pneumonite e cistite, (p<0,05). A arteriosclerose (61,9 por cento) e as cardiopatias chagásica (42,1 por cento) e hipertensiva (39,1 por cento) foram os processos mais freqüentes. Portanto, foi observado sobreposiçäo das causas de morte crônico-degenerativas e infecciosas. Isso demonstra a necessidade de valorizar medidas como o acompanhamento do índice de massa corporal e dos fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de doenças no envelhecimento, como a pneumonite.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Cause of Death , Age Distribution , Aged, 80 and over , Autopsy , Body Mass Index , Brazil , Risk Factors
18.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 36(1): 1-4, jan.-fev. 2003. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-332881

ABSTRACT

Endemic pemphigus foliaceus, and long-term corticotherapy may affect serum lipid levels. The aim of this study was to compare serum lipids of pemphigus foliaceus patients on glucocorticoid therapy to a healthy control group. Fifteen patients receiving prednisone (0.33 ± 0.22mg/kg) for at least 12 months and 15 controls were submitted to 48-h food intake records, anthropometry, and biochemical measurements. Data were compared by chi2, Mann-Whitney and Student "t" tests. The groups were matched for gender, age, weight, body mass index, arm circumference and triceps skin fold. No differences were observed in relation to energy, fat, protein and carbohydrate daily intakes, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, uric acid, and serum creatinine levels. Pemphigus foliaceus patients had higher triglyceride [159 (64-371) vs. 100 (45-133) mg/dl], VLDL [32 (13-74) vs. 20 (9-114) mg/dl] and ESR [44 (9-87) vs. 7 (1-30) mm/h] levels than controls, probably due to metabolic effects of inflammatory disease and corticotherapy


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Glucocorticoids , Lipids , Pemphigus , Prednisone , Anthropometry , Blood Sedimentation , Body Mass Index , Case-Control Studies , Energy Intake , Pemphigus , Statistics, Nonparametric , Time Factors
19.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 78(4): 382-387, Apr. 2002. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese, English | LILACS | ID: lil-306442

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To compare the heart weight and the heart weight/body weight coefficient of adults with and without chronic malnutrition. METHODS: In an initial case series of 210 autopsies performed in adults, we recorded body and heart weights and calculated the heart weight/body weight coefficients (HW/BW x 100). The exclusion criteria were as follows: positive serology for Chagas' disease, edema, obesity, heart diseases, hepatopathies, nephropathies, and systemic arterial hypertension. Malnutrition was characterized as a body mass index <18.5kg/m². Differences with p<0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS: Individuals in the malnourished (n=15) and control (n=21) groups were statistically different, respectively, in regard to body mass index (15.9±1.7 versus 21.3±2.5kg/m²), heart weight (267.3±59.8 versus 329.1±50.4g), and the HW/BW coefficient (0.64±0.12 versus 0.57±0.09 percent). A positive and significant correlation was observed between heart weight and body mass index (r=0.52), and between heart weight and body weight (r=0.65). CONCLUSION: Malnourished individuals have lighter hearts and a greater HW/BW coefficient than non-malnourished individuals do. These findings indicate a possible preservation of the myocardium in relation to the intensity of weight loss associated with the probable relative increase in cardiac connective tissue and heart blood vessels


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Body Weight , Myocardium , Protein-Energy Malnutrition , Body Mass Index , Chronic Disease , Organ Size
20.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Fac. Med. Univ. Säo Paulo ; 55(3): 79-82, May-June 2000. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-273567

ABSTRACT

Pressure sores are common among bedridden, elderly, or malnourished patients, and may occur in terminal ill patients because of impaired mobility, fecal or urinary incontinence, and decreased healing capacity. The aim of this study was to compare frequency of pressure sores between malnourished and non-malnourished necropsied adults. METHOD: All (n = 201) adults (age > or = 18 years) autopsied between 1986 and 1996 at the Teaching Hospital of Triangulo Mineiro Medical School (Uberaba) were eligible for the study. Gender, race, weight, height and main diagnoses were recorded. Ninety-six cases were excluded because of probable body water retention (congestive heart failure, hepatic insufficiency, nephrotic syndrome) or pressure sores secondary to peripheral vascular ischemia. Body mass index (BMI) was used to define malnourished (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2) and non-malnourished (BMI > 18.5kg/m2) groups. RESULTS: Except for weight (42.5kg; range: 28-57 vs. 60; 36-134.5kg) and BMI (16.9; range: 12.4-18.5 vs. 22.7; range: 18.5-54.6kg/m2), respectively, there were no statistical differences among 43 malnourished and 62 non-malnourished cases in relation to age (54.9 +/- 20.4 vs. 52.9 +/- 17.9 years), percentage of white persons (74.4 vs. 64.5 percent), male gender (76.7 vs. 69.3 percent) and main diagnoses. Five malnourished (11.6 percent) and 7 (11.5 percent) non-malnourished cases had pressure sores (p=0.89). CONCLUSION: Pressure sores were equally common findings in necropsied persons with protein-energy malnutrition, as assessed by body mass index


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Pressure Ulcer/epidemiology , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/physiopathology , Aged, 80 and over , Autopsy , Body Mass Index , Critical Illness , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Terminally Ill
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